Skip to content

White Research Group - Electrochemistry

Electrochemical Methods, Nanobubbles, Electroorganic Synthesis, Bioanalytical Nanopore Analysis, Interfacial Kinetics and Electric Double Layer

The White group is an interdisciplinary team that applies electrochemical methods to advance the understanding of a variety of chemical, biological, and physical systems. Research topics currently include: single-molecule ionophoretic transport; nanopore analysis of biological particles; electrochemical scanned probe investigations; electrochemically generated nanobubbles; electroorganic synthesis; and the role of the electric double layer on interfacial electron-transfer kinetics and molecular transport. See below for our latest publications, and the  research section for more details on our research interests.

 

Latest Publications:

 

bfw

Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications, 3rd Edition

Allen J. Bard, Larry R. Faulkner, Henry S. White

John Wiley and Sons Ltd, New York, 2022


 

edl

Simulation of the Cyclic Voltammetric Response of an Outer-Sphere Redox Species with Inclusion of the Electrical Double Layer and Ohmic Drop

K. J. Levey, M. A. Edwards, H. S. White, and J. V. Macpherson

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., submitted Dec. 2022


 

Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution at full atomic utilization over ITO-supported sub-nano Ptn clusters: High, size-dependent activity controlled by fluxional Pt hydride species

S. Kumaria, T. Masubuchi, H. S. White, A. Alexandrova, S. L. Anderson and P. Sautet

J. Am. Chem. Soc, submitted Dec. 2022


vali

Single-Molecule Electrical Currents Associated with Valinomycin Transport of K+

A. J. Schmeltzer, J. M. Harris, and H. S. White

ACS Nano, submitted Nov. 2022


agnuc

Critical Nucleus Size and Activation Energy of Ag Nucleation by Electrochemical Observation of Isolated Nucleation Events

N. J. Vitti, P. Majumdar, and H. S. White

Langmuir, submitted Nov. 2022


 

reduc_oxy

Oxidation by Reduction: Efficient and Selective Oxidation of Alcohols by the Electrocatalytic Reduction of Peroxydisulfate

S. Hosseini, J. N. Janusz, M. Tanwar, A. D. Pendergast, M. Neurock, and H. S. White

J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2022, 144, 46, 21103–21115


 

bubbleion

Effect of Non-Specific Ion Adsorption and Parallel Faradaic Reactions on the Nucleation of H2 Nanobubbles

P. Majumdar, Y. Qiu and H. S. White

 Journal of Electrochemical Society 2020 169 106515


 

colli

Self-Terminating Redox-Reactivity and Vacancy-Induced Void Formation during Electrochemical Collision Synthesis of Hollow Ag/Ag2S Nanoparticles

U. Zahra, D. A. Robinson, and H. S. White

J. Phys. Chem. C 2022, 126, 43, 18343–18350


 

doublelayer

Finite Element Modeling of the Combined Faradaic and Electrostatic Contributions to the Voltammetric Response of Monolayer Redox Films

K. J. Levey, M. A. Edwards, H. S. White, and J. V. Macpherson

Anal. Chem. 2022 94 (37), 12673-12682


 

laoh3

Electroprecipitation of Nanometer-Thick Films of Ln(OH)3 [Ln = La, Ce, and Lu] at Pt Microelectrodes and Their Effect on Electron-Transfer Reactions

P. Majumdar, R. Gao, and H. S. White

Langmuir, 2022, 38(26), 8125-8134


donnybubble

Effect of Nonuniform Mass Transport on Nanobubble Nucleation at Individual Pt Nanoparticles

N. S. Georgescu, D. A. Robinson, and H. S. White

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2021, 125, 36, 19724–19732


highpressure

A High-Pressure System for Studying Oxygen Reduction

During Pt Nanoparticle Collisions

Y. Zhang, D. A. Robinson, K. McKelvey, H. Ren, H. S. White,
and M. A. Edwards

Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2020 167 166507


 

3darchi_batt

3D Architectures for Batteries and Electrodes

J. W. Long, B. Dunn, D. R. Rolison, and H. S. White

Adv. Energy Mater. 2020, 10, 2002457


 

lithiumbatt

High-Performance Solid-State Lithium-Ion Battery with

Mixed 2D and 3D Electrodes

D. S. Ashby, C. S. Choi, M. A. Edwards, A. A. Talin, H. S. White, and B. S. Dunn

ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2020, 3, 9, 8402–8409 


 

shotnoise

Shot Noise Sets the Limit of Quantification in Electrochemical Measurements

R. Gao, M. A. Edwards, J. M. Harris, H. S. White

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, 2020, 22:170–177


 acssensorH2bubble

Visualization and Quantification of Electrochemical H2 Bubble Nucleation at Pt, Au, and MoS2 Substrates

Y. Liu, C. Jin, Y. Liu, K. H. Ruiz, H. Ren, Y. Fan, H. S. White,
and Q. Chen

ACS Sens. 2020


 

D2fromD2O

Electrochemical Generation of Individual Nanobubbles Comprising H2, D2, and HD

Y. Qiu, H. Ren, M. A. Edwards, R. Gao, K. Barman, and H. S. White

Langmuir, 2020, 36, 22, 6073–6078


 

visualization_jacs_2020

Visualization of Hydrogen Evolution at Individual Platinum Nanoparticles at a Buried Interface

R. Gao, M. A. Edwards, Y. Qiu, K. Barman, and H. S. White

J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 19, 8890–8896


anal chem osc nanobubble

Nitrogen Bubbles at Pt Nanoelectrodes in Non-Aqueous Medium-Oscillating Behavior and Geometry of Critical Nuclei

Q. Chen, Y. Liu, M. A. Edwards, Y. Liu, and H. S. White

Anal. Chem. 2020. 92, 9, 6408-6414


 

Single-Entity Electrochemistry at Confined Sensing Interfaces

 Y. Ying, J. Wang, A. R Leach,  Y. Jiang, R. Gao, C. Xu, M. A. Edwards, A. D. Pendergast,H.  Ren, C. K. Weatherly, W. Wang, P. Actis, L. Mao, H. S. White, and Y. Long

SCIENCE CHINA Chemistry, Volume 63 , Issue 5 : 589-618(2020)


 

Effect of Viscosity on the Collision Dynamics and Oxidation of Individual Ag Nanoparticles

Effect of Viscosity on the Collision Dynamics and Oxidation of Individual Ag Nanoparticles

D. A. Robinson, M. A. Edwards, Y. Liu, H. Ren. H. S. White

J. Phys. Chem.  2020. 124, 16, 9068-9076


Electrochemical Reduction of [Ni(Mebpy)3]2+. Elucidation of the Redox Mechanism by Cyclic Voltammetry and Steady-State Voltammetry in Low Ionic Strength Solutions.

Electrochemical Reduction of [Ni(Mebpy)3]2+. Elucidation of the Redox Mechanism by Cyclic Voltammetry and Steady-State Voltammetry in Low Ionic Strength Solutions.

K. Barman, M. A. Edwards, D. P. Hickey, C. Sandford, Y. Qiu, R. Gao, S. D. Minteer, H. S. White

ChemElectroChem.  2020. 7(6), 1473-1479

 


 Electrochemically Controlled Nucleation of Single CO2 Nanobubbles via Formate Oxidation at Pt Nanoelectrodes

Electrochemically Controlled Nucleation of Single CO2 Nanobubbles via Formate Oxidation at Pt Nanoelectrodes

H. Ren, M. A. Edwards, Y. Wang, H. S. White 

J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2020.11, 4, 1291-1296.


Coupled Electron- and Phase-Transfer Reactions at a Three-Phase Interface

Coupled Electron- and Phase-Transfer Reactions at a Three-Phase Interface

C. K. Terry Weatherly, H. Ren, M. A. Edwards, L. Wang, H. S. White

J. Am. Chem. Soc.2019. 141, 45, 18091-18098

 


 Electrochemical Synthesis of Individual Core@Shell and Hollow Ag/Ag2S Nanoparticles

Electrochemical Synthesis of Individual Core@Shell and Hollow Ag/Ag2S Nanoparticles

D. A. Robinson, H. S. White 

Nano Lett. 201919, 8, 5612-5619.


Enhancing Lithium Insertion with Electrostatic Nanoconfinement in a Lithography Patterned Precision Cell

Enhancing Lithium Insertion with Electrostatic Nanoconfinement in a Lithography Patterned Precision Cell

S. X. Li, N. S. Kim, K. McKelvey, C. Liu, H. S. White, G. W. Rubloff, S. B. Lee, M. A. Reed

ACS Nano. 201913, 7, 8481-8489


 

Nanoscale Fluid Vortices and Nonlinear Electroosmotic Flow Drive Ion Current Rectification in the Presence of Concentration Gradients

Nanoscale Fluid Vortices and Nonlinear Electroosmotic Flow Drive Ion Current Rectification in the Presence of Concentration Gradients

J. Rabinowitz, M. A. Edwards, E. Whittier, K. Jayant, K. L. Shepard

J. Phys. Chem. A. 2019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b04075


 

A synthetic chemist's guide to electroanalytical tools for studying reaction mechanisms

A synthetic chemist's guide to electroanalytical tools for studying reaction mechanisms

C. Sandford, M. A. Edwards, K. J. Klunder, D. P. Hickey, M. Li, K. Barman, M. S. Sigman, H. S. White and S. D. Minteer

Chem. Sci., 2019, 10, 6404-6422.


 

Observing Transient Bipolar Electrochemical Coupling on Single Nanoparticles Translocating through a Nanopore

Observing Transient Bipolar Electrochemical Coupling on Single Nanoparticles Translocating through a Nanopore

C. Han, R. Hao, Y. Fan, M. A. Edwards, H. Gao, and B. Zhang

Langmuir, 201935, 22, 7180-7190


 

Electrochemically Driven, Ni-Catalyzed Aryl Amination: Scope, Mechanism, and Applications

Electrochemically Driven, Ni-Catalyzed Aryl Amination: Scope, Mechanism, and Applications

Y. Kawamata, J. C. Vantourout, D. P. Hickey, P. Bai, L. Chen, Q. Hou, W. Qiao, K. Barman, M. A. Edwards, A. F. Garrido-Castro, J. N. deGruyter, H. Nakamura, K. W. Knouse, C. Qin, K. J. Clay, D. Bao, C. Li, J. T. Starr, C. Garcia-Irizarry, N. Sach, H. S. White, M. Neurock, S. D. Minteer, and P. S. Baran

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2019, 141 (15), pp 6392–6402


 

Voltammetric Determination of the Stochastic Formation Rate and Geometry of Individual H2, N2, and O2 Bubble Nuclei

Voltammetric Determination of the Stochastic Formation Rate and Geometry of Individual H2, N2, and O2 Bubble Nuclei

M. A. Edwards, H. S. White, H. Ren

ACS Nano.2019. 13, 6, 6330-6340

 


 

γ-Hemolysin Nanopore Is Sensitive to Guanine-to-Inosine Substitutions in Double-Stranded DNA at the Single-Molecule Level

γ-Hemolysin Nanopore Is Sensitive to Guanine-to-Inosine Substitutions in Double-Stranded DNA at the Single-Molecule Level

Cherie S. Tan, Aaron M. Fleming , Hang Ren , Cynthia J. Burrows, and Henry S. White

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2018140 (43), pp 14224–14234.


 

Nanoscale electrochemical kinetics & dynamics: the challenges and opportunities of single-entity measurements

Nanoscale electrochemical kinetics & dynamics: the challenges and opportunities of single-entity measurements

Martin Edwards, Donald Robinson, Hang Ren, Cameron Cheyne, Cherie Tan, and Henry S. White.

Faraday Discuss., 2018, 210, 9-28.


 

Effects of Instrumental Filters on Electrochemical Measurement of Single‐Nanoparticle Collision Dynamics

Effects of Instrumental Filters on Electrochemical Measurement of Single‐Nanoparticle Collision Dynamics

Donald Robinson, Martin A. Edwards, Hang Ren, and Henry S. White

ChemElectroChem,2018, 5, 3059.


 

The Nucleation Rate of Single O2 Nanobubbles at Pt Nanoelectrodes

The Nucleation Rate of Single O2 Nanobubbles at Pt Nanoelectrodes

Álvaro Moreno Soto, Sean R. German, Hang Ren, Devaraj van der Meer, Detlef Lohse, Martin A. Edwards, and Henry S. White

Langmuir, 2018, 34 (25), pp 7309–7318.


 

Critical Nuclei Size, Rate, and Activation Energy of H2 Gas Nucleation

Critical Nuclei Size, Rate, and Activation Energy of H2 Gas Nucleation

Sean R. German, Martin A. Edwards, Hang Ren, and Henry S. White

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2018, 140 (11), pp 4047–4053.


 

Single-Molecule Titration in a Protein Nanopore

Single-Molecule Titration in a Protein Nanoreactor Reveals the Protonation/Deprotonation Mechanism of a C:C Mismatch in DNA

Hang Ren, Cameron G. Cheyne, Aaron M. Fleming, Cythia J. Burrows, and Henry S. White

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2018, 140155153-5160.


 

Flat and Nano-Tip Conical Electrodes during Vesicle Impact Electrochemical Cytometry

Nanopore Opening at Flat and Nano-Tip Conical Electrodes during Vesicle Impact Electrochemical Cytometry

Xianchan Li, Lin Ren, Johan Dunevall, Daixin Ye, Henry S. White, Martin A. Edwards, and Andrew G. Ewing

ACS Nano, 2018, 12(3):3010-3019.


 

Nanopore Analysis of the 5-Guanidinohydantoin to Iminoallantoin Isomerization in Duplex DNA

Nanopore Analysis of the 5-Guanidinohydantoin to Iminoallantoin Isomerization in Duplex DNA

Tao Zeng, Aaron M. Fleming, Yun Ding, Hang Ren, Henry S. White, Cynthia J. Burrows

J. Org. Chem., 2018, 83 (7), pp 3973–3978.


 

Single Ag Nanoparticle Collisions within a Dual-Electrode Micro-Gap Cell

Single Ag Nanoparticle Collisions within a Dual-Electrode Micro-Gap Cell

Kim McKelvey, Donald A. Robinson, Nicholas J. Vitti, Martin A. Edwards, Henry S. White

Faraday Discuss., 2018, 210, 189-200.


 

Critical Nuclei Size, Rate, and Activation Energy of H2 Gas Nucleation

Critical Nuclei Size, Rate, and Activation Energy of H2 Gas Nucleation

Sean R. German, Martin A. Edwards, Hang Ren, Henry S. White

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2018, 140 (11), pp 4047–4053.


 

Selective increase in CO2 electroreduction activity at grain-boundary surface terminations

Selective increase in CO2 electroreduction activity at grain-boundary surface terminations

R. G. Mariano, K. McKelvey, H. S. White, M. W. Kanan

Science, 358 (2017) 1187-1192.


 

Exploring the suitability of different electrode materials for hypochlorite quantification at high concentration in alkaline solutions

Exploring the suitability of different electrode materials for hypochlorite quantification at high concentration in alkaline solutions

R. E.P. Meyler, M. A. Edwards, J. V. Macpherson

Electrochemistry Communications, 86 (2018) 21-25.


 

Collision Dynamics During the Electrooxidation of Individual Silver Nanoparticles

Collision Dynamics During the Electrooxidation of Individual Silver Nanoparticles

D. A Robinson, Y. Liu, M. A. Edwards, N. J. Vitti, S. M. Oja, B. Zhang, H. S. White

J. Am. Chem. Soc., (2017) 139, 46, 16923-16931.


 

Redox cycling in nanogap electrochemical cells

Redox Cycling in Nanogap Electrochemical Cells

H. S. White, K. McKelvey
Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, 2017, 7, 48-53.


 

Three-Dimensional Super-resolution Imaging of Single Nanoparticles Delivered by Pipettes

Three-Dimensional Super-Resolution Imaging of Single Nanoparticles Delivered by Pipettes

Y. Yu, V. Sundaresan, S. Bandyopadhyay, Y. Zhang, M. A. Edwards, K. McKelvey, H. S. White, K. A. Willets.
ACS Nano, 2017, 11 (10), pp 10529–10538.


 

Nanoparticle Collision at a Gold Nanoband Electrode

Collision and Oxidation of Silver Nanoparticles on a Gold Nanoband Electrode

F. Zhang, M. Edwards, R. Hao, H. S. White, B. Zhang
J. Phys. Chem. C, 2017121 (42), pp 23564–23573.


Microscale 2.5D Batteries

Microscale 2.5D Batteries

K. McKelvey, A. A. Talin, B. Dunn, and H. S. White
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2017, 164(12), A2500-2503.


 

Nanopipettes as a Tool for Single Nanoparticle Electrochemistry

Nanopipettes as a Tool for Single Nanoparticle Electrochemistry 

K. McKelvey, S. R. German, Y. Zhang, H. S. White, and M. A. Edwards
Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, 2017, 6(1), 4-9.


ACS Spotlight

Electrochemical Generation of Individual O2 Nanobubbles via H2O2 Oxidation

Featured in Spotlights, a new initiative of The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters designed to expand awareness for physical chemistry by presenting accessible plain-language summaries of select articles in each issue.

H. Ren, S. R. German, M. A. Edwards, Q. Chen, and H. S. White


 

 

Electrochemical Generation of Individual O2 Nanobubbles via H2O2 Oxidation 

H. Ren, S. R. German, M. A. Edwards, Q. Chen, and H. S. White
J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2017, 8, 2450-2454.


TOC: Zeng 2017

Interrogation of Base Pairing of the Spiroiminodihydantoin Diastereomers Using the α-Hemolysin Latch

Tao Zeng, Aaron M. Fleming, Yun Ding, Henry S. White, and Cynthia J. Burrows 
Biochemistry, 2017, 56 (11), 1596–1603.


TOC: Kinetics of T3

Dynamics of a DNA Mismatch Site Held in Confinement Discriminate Epigenetic Modifications of Cytosine

Robert P. Johnson, Aaron M. Fleming, Rukshan T. Perera, Cynthia J. Burrows, and Henry S. White
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2017, 139 (7), 2750–2756.


TOC: Kinetics of T3

The dynamic steady state of an electrochemically generated nanobubble

Yuwen Liu, Martin A. Edwards, Sean R. German, Qianjin Chen, and Henry S. White
Langmuir, 2017, 33 (8), 1845–1853.


TOC: Kinetics of T3

Observation of Multipeak Collision Behavior during the Electro-Oxidation of Single Ag Nanoparticles

Stephen M Oja, Donald A. Robinson, Nicholas J. Vitti, Martin A. Edwards, Yuwen Liu, Henry S. White, and Bo Zhang
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2017, 139 (2), 708–718.


TOC: Kinetics of T3

Kinetics of T3-DNA Ligase-Catalyzed Phosphodiester Bond Formation Measured Using the α-Hemolysin Nanopore

Cherie S. Tan, Jan Riedl, Aaron M. Fleming, Cynthia J. Burrows, and Henry S. White
ACS Nano, 201610 (12), 11127–11135.


TOC: 3D LiPON Battery

Fabrication, Testing, and Simulation of All-Solid-State Three Dimensional Li-Ion Batteries

A. Alec Talin, Dmitry Ruzmetov, Andrei Kolmakov, Kim McKelvey, Nicholas Ware, Farid El Gabaly, Bruce S. Dunn, and Henry S. White
ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2016, 8 (47), 32385–32391.


TOC: Nanopore2016

Voltage-Rectified Current and Fluid Flow in Conical Nanopores

Wen-Jie Lan, Martin A. Edwards, Long Luo, Rukshan T. Perera, Xiaojian Wu, Charles R. Martin, and Henry S. White
Acc. Chem. Res., 201649 (11), 2605–2613.


TOC: Laplace PressureLaplace Pressure of Individual H2 Nanobubbles from Pressure–Addition Electrochemistry

Sean R. German, Martin A. Edwards, Qianjin Chen, and Henry S. White
Nano. Lett., 201616 (10), 6691–6694.


TOC: PS NP Delivery J Phys Chem Lett 2016Resistive Pulse Delivery of Single Nanoparticles to Electrochemical Interfaces

Kim McKelvey, Martin A. Edwards, and Henry S. White
J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2016, 7, 3920–3924. 


TOC: Nanogap J Phys Chem C 2016Redox Cycling in Nanogap Electrochemical Cells. The Role of Electrostatics in Determining the Cell Response

Qianjin Chen, Kim McKelvey, Martin A. Edwards, and Henry S. White
J. Phys. Chem. C, 2016, 120 (31), 17251–17260. 


 

 

Last Updated: 1/4/23